可以用向量来做:
在坐标平面上取两个单位向量n1(cosa,sina),n2(cosb,sinb)
则由向量的坐标运算有:n1*n2=cosa*cosb+sina*sinb
由向量的定义:n1*n2=cos(a-b)
所以 cos(a-b)=cosa*cosb+sina*sinb
然后再将b换成-b就可以了
好像教材中用的是两点间的距离公式
第一个公式的证明:
右边=2*sin[(A+B)/2]*cos[(A-B)/2]
=2*[sin(A/2)*cos(B/2)+cos(A/2)sin(B/2)]*[cos(A/2)cos(B/2)+sin(A/2)sin(B/2)]
=2*sin(A/2)*cos(A/2)*cos(B/2)*cos(B/2)+2*cos(A/2)*cos(A/2)*sin(B/2)*cos(B/2)+2*sin(A/2)*sin(A/2)*cos(B/2)*sin(B/2)+2*sin(A/2)*cos(A/2)*sin(B/2)*sin(B/2)
=sinA*[cos(B/2)*cos(B/2)+sin(B/2)*sin(B/2)]+sin(B/2)*[cos(B/2)*cos(B/2)+sin(B/2)*sin(B/2)]
=sinA+sinB=左边
证毕
其中用到公式:
sinA=2*sin(A/2)*cos(A/2),sinB=2*cos(B/2)*sin(B/2)
cos(B/2)*cos(B/2)+sin(B/2)*sin(B/2)=1
其他的公式依此类推,自己推推看吧!
书上有啊