荆州对刘备的意义有多大,为何关羽会大意失荆州?

2025年04月05日 15:50
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网友(1):

拥有荆州刘备夺得天下的机会将增加一半,而失去荆州刘备将再无可能夺得整个天下。首先荆州毋庸置疑是处要地,荆州地处两湖平原,包括湖北的江汉平原和湖南的洞庭湖平原,北有汉水、大洪山,南有五岭,西有巫山, 东有大别山、幕阜山、九岭山、罗霄山,可以说处于中间的荆州完全就是一个被山水保护着的“宝藏”,《读史方舆纪要》称其“山川险固,自古称雄武焉”,三国孙吴名臣鲁肃也曾经说过“荆楚与国邻接,水流顺下,外带江汉,内阻山险,有金城之固,沃野万里,士民安富。若据而有之,此帝王之资矣。”可以说荆州就相当于北方的中原,四通八达,北有南阳、南有岭南、西有巴蜀、东有江东,诸葛亮在隆中对中说:“荆州北据汉沔,利尽南海,东连吴会,西通巴蜀,此用武之国。”可想而知荆州的重要性。


可以说不管是曹刘孙那个占住荆州对其都有很大的好处,孙吴若占得荆州,则可将其作为伐魏灭蜀的重要跳板,可发挥出吴国水军强大的优势,同时孙吴也可将荆州作为防御曹操和刘备进攻的屏障,凭借着吴国水军曹操和刘备势必就不能轻易的攻入江东之地;而若曹操占得荆州,可以大幅度削弱原来就弱小的吴蜀的国力,而且可以在荆州训练水师,这样在水上可以抑制孙权的进攻,在陆地上则可借助荆州来包围刘备的益州,让其不敢妄动,可以说如果曹操占得荆州一州之地,那么吴蜀的灭亡时间将大大加快。

若刘备占的荆州,则可实现诸葛亮隆中对中所叙述的蓝图“天下有变,则命一上将将荆州之军以向宛、洛,将军身率益州之众出于秦川”,达到两路灭魏,水军灭吴的目的。所以说荆州对于刘备的意义不可言喻是绝对十分重要的,失去荆州,不管孙曹哪个占领荆州对于刘备来说都是极其危险的,同时失去荆州则意味着刘备失去争夺天下最后的资本,最后只占据益州一州之地的蜀汉也只能等待灭亡的一天。


再者荆州真的是关羽大意失去的吗?我想不然,个人觉得完全就是实力悬殊导致的。

首先关羽进攻曹操是必然的,而孙权要夺荆州也是必然的,曹操想要灭掉刘备和孙权更是必然的,三者根本就不可能避免这场战争,除非那一方想要放弃争夺天下的机会,显然这是不可能的,作为从东汉末年诸侯混战中杀出一条血路的三位诸侯,曹刘孙任何一方都不可能放弃争夺天下的机会,他们之中的任何一方也不会坐等一方统一天下而置之不理。试想下,再这场战争完全不可避免的情况下,以刘备的实力去同时抵挡曹孙两家军事集团的进攻,能挡得住吗?显然不可能,这点就连最强大的诸侯曹操就做不到,更何况是刘备呢?

所以其实归根结底关羽是在赌,他赌自己能够在最短的时间内解决到曹操在襄阳部署的军队,他在赌自己能够在孙权回头神的时候彻底消失曹操对于荆州的威胁的,事实上关羽前期赌对了,他在极短的时间内解决掉了于禁和庞德的军队,并彻底包围了襄阳城,同时荆州刺史胡修、南乡太守傅方等也都投降了关羽,可以说这个时候如果刘备能够在极短的时间内派出大将和军队去支援关羽,并派一位大将镇守荆州,那么统一北方指日可待,这样即使孙权攻击荆州也无任何的问题,因为只要守住荆州,孙权根本就不敢妄动,但可惜的是刘备的实力显然不足以支持一打二,当时刘备的军队大部分都用来平定益州和汉中上,根本就没有其他的兵力去帮助关羽。


那么肯定就会有人问,为什么关羽不等刘备平定汉中之后,慢慢恢复元气之后再打呢?显然这是不可能,只能说当时是蜀汉最后的机会,为什么这么说呢?很简单,当时曹操北方初定,很多地方曹操并未能完全掌控,再者由于曹操当时正强逼汉献帝封自己为魏王,朝堂上很多忠于汉献帝的臣子们都意欲找机会对于曹操,又加上曹操在外接连遭遇赤壁之败和汉中之败等几场大败,可以说这个时候的曹操正处于内忧外患之中,如果这个时候关羽不进攻曹操,而是要等刘备恢复元气再打,那么到那个时候我想曹操也解决了朝堂上反对自己的人,而且北方也被曹操彻底掌控,几场大败损失的元气也都恢复过来,请为关羽还怎么打?

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