英语句型转换

There is a pay phone nearr here.(变成一般疑问句)—— —— a pay phone near here?
2024年12月04日 01:58
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应填 :is there
“句型转换”有两种形式,一是按要求转换句型(如:要求将陈述句转换为否定句或一般疑问句;改为祈使句或感叹句;对划线部分提问等);二是“同义句转换”。本题型在中考中重要是测试我们运用英语“句型”的能力。“四位一体”的“句型转换”专项训练,就是为了发展我们这方面的能力。第一类题型的转换,重点是基本句型的运用,一般都有规律可循。除了熟记基本句式的结构外,还要注意some, any; already, yet 等词在转换时的变化。第二类句型转换(同义句转换)应该作为我们复习训练的重点。用不同的句式表达相同的意思,它标志着一个人的外语能力水平。提高此项能力的关键是熟悉句型结构,自如运用。通过“专项训练”,积累一定数量的相关句式,达到脱口而出,信手拈来,出神入化。

基本句式的转换主要是指“肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句”的相互转换。句式的转换一般都有一定的规律可循,我们就是要掌握它们的变化规律,能够举一反三,见此知彼。

(一)肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的相互转换

这三种句型的转换有共同的规律可循,有几个要点必须牢记。我们可以把各种句式归为两大类:1、含有的be动词、助动词和情态动词的句子;2、只有行为动词的句子。

第1类的句子,肯定句改为否定句时,一律在be动词、助动词和情态动词后加“not”,改为一般疑问句时,一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首(首字母大写)。肯定回答用“Yes”;否定回答用“No”。“Yes”或“No”后面的主语必须用代词,“No”后面必须用否定缩略式。如:

将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并做肯定、否定回答:

1. There are some computers in this school. (be动词)

There aren’t any computers in this school.

Are there any computers in this school? (Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.)

2. Li Ming’s father can drive the car. (情态动词)

Li Ming’s father can’t drive the car.

Can Li Ming’s father drive the car? (Yes, he can. / No, he can’t.)

3. She has already finished his homework now. (助动词)

She hasn’t finished his homework yet.

Has she finished his homework yet? (Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.)

第2类句子必须借助助动词do; does; did。改为否定句,在行为动词前加don’t(一般现在时态,主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时);doesn’t(一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数时);didn’t(一般过去时态)。改为一般疑问句时,在句首加Do;Does 或Did。肯定回答用“Yes”,后面动词用 do; does或did”;否定回答用“No”,后面动词用don’t (doesn’t; didn’t)”。如:

将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并做肯定、否定回答:

1. The children like playing games.

The children don’t like playing games.

Do the children like playing games? (Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.)

2. Mary usually goes to school on foot.

Mary doesn’t usually go to school on foot. (原第三人称单数改为原形)

Does Mary usually go to school on foot? (Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.)

3. Tom went to London yesterday.

Tom didn’t go to London yesterday. (原过去式改为原形)

Did Tom go to London yesterday? (Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.)

(二)特殊疑问句的转换

把句子转换为特殊疑问句,首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”,人、物、时间、地点、数量、原因等分别用:who; whose; whom; what; when; where; why; how; how many; how much; how often; how old; how long等。 将相对应的疑问词放在句首,其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式,就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。如:

1. His licence number is 573968.

What’s your licence number?

2. Mike watches TV every evening.

What does Mike do every evening?

3. Jim studied in China last year.

Where did Jim study last year?

(三)选择疑问句、反意疑问句的转换

改为选择疑问句时,只需注意根据句子的内容用“or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了。如:

Lucy is a student, Lily is a doctor. 改为:

Who is a doctor, Lucy or Lily?

反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句 + 简短问句”,我们必须记住:“前面肯定;后面否定”和“前面否定;后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。如:

Tom likes playing football, doesn’t he?

Xiao Hong didn’t like singing, did she?

注意:祈使句的反意疑问句,一般都用will you? Let me---打头的一般用 shall we?

(四)祈使句、感叹句的转换

改为祈使句,必须记住:肯定的祈使句,是原形动词打头,否定的祈使句是“Don’t”打头,后跟原形动词。(主语是I或 we时,句子开头用let me 或 let’s),如:

1.You should remember his telephone number. 改为:

Remember his telephone number, please.

2. You’d better not tell him the bad news. 改为:

Don’t tell him the bad news.

3. We can go there together. 改为:

Let’s go there together.

改为感叹句,必须记住,强调的是名词,句首用What,What后的名词前可以有形容词;强调的是形容词、副词,句首用How,后面必须紧跟形容词、副词,如:

The park is beautiful. 改为:

What the beautiful park!

或:How beautiful the park is!

He studies English is very hard. 改为:

How hard he studies English!

网友(2):

Is there a pay phone near here.

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网友(3):

Is there