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加热高锰酸钾：2KMnO4 △ K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2↑ ; 过氧化氢在二氧化锰作催化剂条件下分解反应： H2O2 MnO2 2H2O+ O2 ↑ ;大理石与稀盐酸反应：CaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O + CO2↑ ;石灰水与二氧化碳反应：Ca(OH)2 + CO2 = CaCO3 ↓+ H2O ;氯酸钾制氧气：2KClO3 2KCl + 3O2↑ 常见的化学式
一、常见单质
氢气 H2 氮气 N2 氯气 Cl2 氧气 O2 臭氧 O3 氦气 He
氖气 Ne 氩气 Ar
碳 C 硅 Si 硫 S 磷 P 碘 I2
钾 K 钙 Ca 钠 Na 镁 Mg 铝 Al 锌 Zn
铁 Fe 铜 Cu 汞 Hg 银 Ag
二、化合物
1、氧化物
水 H2O 三氧化硫 SO3 一氧化碳 CO
二氧化碳 CO2 五氧化二磷 P2O5 过氧化氢 H2O2
二氧化氮 NO2 二氧化硫 SO2 氧化钙 CaO
氧化亚铁 FeO 氧化铁 Fe2O3 四氧化三铁 Fe3O4
氧化镁 MgO 氧化锌 ZnO 二氧化锰 MnO2
氧化汞 HgO 氧化铝 Al2O3 氧化铜 CuO
2、其他化合物
硝酸 HNO3 硫酸 H2SO4 盐酸 HCl
碳酸 H2CO3 硫化氢 H2S
氢氧化钠 NaOH 氢氧化钾 KOH 氢氧化钙 Ca(OH)2
氢氧化镁 Mg(OH)2 氢氧化铝 Al(OH)3 氢氧化锌 Zn(OH)2
氢氧化铁 Fe(OH)3 氢氧化亚铁 Fe(OH)2 氢氧化铜 Cu(OH)2
氢氧化钡 Ba(OH)2 氨水 NH3•H2O
氯化钠 NaCl 氯化铜 CuCl2 氯化铝 AlCl3
氯化钾 KCl 氯化亚铁 FeCl2 氯化铁 FeCl3
氯化银 AgCl 氯化钙 CaCl2 氯化镁 MgCl2
氯化钡 BaCl2 氯化锌 ZnCl2 硫酸铜 CuSO4
高锰酸钾 KMnO4 锰酸钾 K2MnO4 氯酸钾 KClO3
碳酸钙 CaCO3 硝酸钾 KNO3 硝酸钠 NaNO3
硝酸铁 Fe(NO3)3 硝酸亚铁 Fe(NO3)2 硝酸铝 Al(NO3)3
碳酸钠 Na2CO3 碳酸钙 CaCO3 碳酸铵 (NH4)2CO3
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO3 硫酸铁 Fe2(SO4)3 硫酸亚铁 FeSO4
硝酸银 AgNO3 硝酸钡 Ba(NO3)2 硝酸铵 NH4NO3
硫酸钡 BaSO4
3、常见有机化合物
甲烷 CH4 乙醇 C2H5OH 葡萄糖 C6H12O6
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