Hive是基于Hadoop构建的一套数据仓库分析系统,它提供了丰富的SQL查询方式来分析存储在hadoop 分布式文件系统中的数据。其在Hadoop的架构体系中承担了一个SQL解析的过程,它提供了对外的入口来获取用户的指令然后对指令进行分析,解析出一个MapReduce程序组成可执行计划,并按照该计划生成对应的MapReduce任务提交给Hadoop集群处理,获取最终的结果。元数据——如表模式——存储在名为metastore的数据库中。
ip地址1 hadoop-master
ip地址2 hadoop-slave
MySQL安装在master机器上,hive服务器也安装在master上
下载源码包,最新版本可自行去官网下载
[hadoop@hadoop-master ~]$ wget hive的下载地址
[hadoop@hadoop-master ~]$ tar -zxf apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz
[hadoop@hadoop-master ~]$ ls
apache-hive-1.2.1-bin apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz dfs hadoop-2.7.1 Hsource tmp12341234
[root@hadoop-master hadoop]# vi /etc/profile
HIVE_HOME=/home/hadoop/apache-hive-1.2.1-bin
PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
export HIVE_NAME PATH
metastore是hive元数据集中存放地。它包括两部分:服务和后台数据存储。有三种方式配置metastore:内嵌metastore、本地metastore以及远程metastore。
本次搭建中采用MySQL作为远程仓库,部署在hadoop-master节点上,hive服务端也安装在hive-master上,hive客户端即hadoop-slave访问hive服务器。
mysql>CREATE USER 'hive' IDENTIFIED BY 'hive';
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'hive'@'hadoop-master' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql>flush privileges;123123
[hadoop@hadoop-master ~]mysql -h hadoop-master -uhive
mysql>set password = password('hive');1212
mysql>create database hive;
修改配置文件
进入到hive的配置文件目录下,找到hive-default.xml.template,cp份为hive-default.xml
另创建hive-site.xml并添加参数
[hadoop@hadoop-master conf]$ pwd
/home/hadoop/apache-hive-1.2.1-bin/conf
[hadoop@hadoop-master conf]$ vi hive-site.xml
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:mysql://hadoop-master:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Driver class name for a JDBC metastore
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
hive
username to use against metastore database
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword
hive
password to use against metastore database
[hadoop@hadoop-master ~]$ scp -r apache-hive-1.2.1-bin/ hadoop@hadoop-slave:/home/hadoop
[hadoop@hadoop-slave conf]$ vi hive-site.xml
hive.metastore.uris
thrift://hadoop-master:9083
要启动metastore服务
[hadoop@hadoop-master ~]$ hive --service metastore &
[hadoop@hadoop-master ~]$ jps
10288 RunJar #多了一个进程
9365 NameNode
9670 SecondaryNameNode
11096 Jps
9944 NodeManager
9838 ResourceManager
9471 DataNode
[hadoop@hadoop-master ~]$ hive
Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/home/hadoop/apache-hive-1.2.1-bin/lib/hive-common-1.2.1.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
hive> show databases;
OK
default
src
Time taken: 1.332 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)
hive> use src;
OK
Time taken: 0.037 seconds
hive> create table test1(id int);
OK
Time taken: 0.572 seconds
hive> show tables;
OK
abc
test
test1
Time taken: 0.057 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)
hive>
[hadoop@hadoop-slave conf]$ hive
Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/home/hadoop/apache-hive-1.2.1-bin/lib/hive-common-1.2.1.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
hive> show databases;
OK
default
src
Time taken: 1.022 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)
hive> use src;
OK
Time taken: 0.057 seconds
hive> show tables;
OK
abc
test
test1
Time taken: 0.218 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)
hive> create table test2(id int ,name string);
OK
Time taken: 5.518 seconds
hive> show tables;
OK
abc
test
test1
test2
Time taken: 0.102 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)