张明楷:侵占罪与盗窃罪的关系

2025年03月16日 08:49
有1个网友回答
网友(1):

1、犯罪故意的内容和产生的时间不同。前者行为人认识到自己是以非暴力的手段非法占有自己业已持有的他人财物,且犯罪故意只能产生于持有他人财物之后;后者行为人认识到自己是以不为财物所有人或持有人知道的秘密方法非法获取他人财物,且犯罪故意只能产生于非法获取他人财物之前。
2、犯罪的客观方面不同。前者的手段既可以是秘密的,也可以是公开的或半公开的;而后者的手段只能是秘密的手段;
3、犯罪对象不同。前者的对象只能是行为人在犯罪前已经持有的他人财物;而后者的对象则只能是行为人在犯罪前并不持有的他人财物。其中犯罪对象方面的差异应是区分侵占罪与盗窃罪的关键的因素;
4、是否退还所产生的法律后果不同。前者必须是拒不退还或交出他人财物的,才构成犯罪,而后者即使窃取他人财物之后又主动退还的,也已构成犯罪,主动退赃行为只能作为一个酌定量刑情节来考虑。

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