空心砖墙的砌筑要求有哪些

2025年04月08日 03:48
有1个网友回答
网友(1):

做到以下几点就可以了:
1)砌筑主材要求:底层室内地坪标高上0.5米墙体、电梯井周边墙体、卫生间自楼面起1.5米以下墙、管道井及厨房楼面起1.5米标高墙体均为实心墙,防火墙为标砖砌筑;其余墙体采用煤矸石砖,在砖砌体中,至楼层面起先砌三匹标砖配砖,转角处、墙体端部、构造柱相连处及门窗和洞口边缘均为实心砖套砌,套砌长度不小于200..
2)砌筑前,先将构造柱绑扎完毕,墙体部位清扫干净,砌块和烧结砖提前一天浇水温润,拉结钢筋准备到位.框架柱及砼墙与填充墙体相交处的圈梁、过梁及拉结钢筋已按规定预埋筋,先浇注厨房、厕浴间墙下高200mmc20砼翻边,宽度同墙厚后。再进行拉结筋连接。
3)砌筑时墙体部位先浇水湿润再试摆砖,尽量调为整砖,墙体下部先砌三匹(200高)实心配砖再砌空心砖砖。构造柱部位留置马牙槎,构造柱两侧用实心配砖套砌;马牙槎先退后进,退进尺寸为60,确保构造柱断面尺寸,且马牙槎留置要顺直,垂直度层高不超过15,在马牙槎及纵横墙体交接处设置拉结钢筋,拉结筋的竖向间距为500,26.5的钢筋,埋入墙体长度不小于1000,且不小于五分之一墙长;拉结筋在灰缝边缘的最小保护层厚度为15。当墙高大于1/2墙长或墙高大于4米时设置一道圈梁,断面为120×墙厚,有门洞时可设置于门洞过梁处,无门洞时设置于1/2墙高处。阳台砖砌栏板压顶、女儿墙压顶及内外墙窗台下设置80×墙厚的水平连系梁,水平系梁配筋构造详结构施工图,砌砖时应预留位置,两端伸入墙体为120。
4)在砖墙的转角处及交接处设置标高桩和皮数杆,在皮数杆之间拉准线,依准线逐皮砌筑,其中第一皮砖按墙身边线砌筑。墙体下部先砌三匹(200高)水泥标砖再砌加气砼砖,厨房、卫生间、厕浴间墙体下部浇筑200×墙厚的c20砼后再砌实心砖,所有墙体砌筑到梁或板底下190-210高处留置后塞口,待墙体灰浆沉迭7天后方可填补后塞口,后塞口采用细石砼浇筑填实。
5)砌砖操作方法采用“一铲灰、一块砖、一挤揉”的“三一”砌筑法,组砌形式采取一顺一丁,先丁后顺,上下错缝,内外搭砌,错缝长度不得小于砖块厚度;空心砖砖采用上压下1/2中砌筑。在墙端部、转角处、门窗边缘及构造柱相连处采用配砖套砌,配砖套砌最小长度为200;砌体砂浆要饱满水平灰缝砂浆饱满度不低于80%。竖缝采用挤浆法保证不出现透明缝,砌筑中局部有瞎缝时必须二次填补,砌好的墙体必须清扫干净,确保墙体清晰美观,灰缝均匀,横平竖直。
6)墙体交接处无构造柱时,应同时砌筑,且设置竖向间距500的26.5拉结筋,沿墙体长度全长设置;墙体交接处无法同时砌筑时,应留斜槎,不得留直槎,斜槎高不大于1.2米,应留置拉结筋.砌筑中墙体上不得留设脚手架眼和临时间断处。
7)组砌方法应正确,上、下错缝,交接处咬槎搭砌,掉角严重的空心砖不宜使用或用于不显眼处。水平灰缝应控制在15,立灰缝不宜大于22,应砂浆饱满,横平竖直,立缝局部有不饱满的用砂浆填实。拉通线砌筑,随砌、随吊、随靠,保证墙体垂直平整,不允许砸砖修墙。。
8)各种预留洞、预埋件等,应按设计要求设置,避免后剔凿。在安装管道后,用c20细石混凝土进行灌缝填补。

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