慢性支气管炎的症状和治疗方法?

慢性支气管炎的症状和治疗方法
2025年04月08日 10:21
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网友(1):

慢性支气管炎其典型症状有咳嗽、咳痰,或伴有喘息、气急等。起病缓慢,病程长,每年发病持续3个月或更长时间,连续2年或2年以上连续发病。慢性支气管炎主要以对症治疗为主,对症治疗包括镇咳(如复方甘草合剂、复方甲氧那明、右美沙芬
等)、祛痰(乙酰半胱氨酸
、溴己新、盐酸氨溴索
、桃金娘油等)和平喘(茶碱类药物、β2受体激动剂或抗胆碱能药物吸入治疗)。当患者合并感染,则需进行抗感染治疗,多根据患者所在地常见病原体,选择相应的抗感染药物,如左氧氟沙星
、阿莫西林
等。在生活中尤其要注意戒烟和吸入有害气体或烟尘。慢性支气管炎(chronic bronchitis)简称慢支,是由感染或非感染因素导致的气管、支气管黏膜及其周围组织的慢性非特异性炎症。
本病发生与慢性刺激有关,如与吸烟、有害粉尘、烟雾(生物燃料)、大气污染等的长期刺激有关。
此外,病毒、细菌,或致敏源、气候变化等均可致患者发病。
流行病学
慢性支气管炎是一种常见病、多发病,影响3.4%~22.0%的成人。45岁以上、吸烟者、生活或工作在空气污染严重地区的人群,以及慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者都有更高的罹患慢性支气管炎的风险。

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