(1)闭合开关S时,只有R1工作,
∵P=
,U2 R
∴R1阻值:R1=
=U2 P煮饭
=48.4Ω;(220V)2 1000W
断开开关S时,两电阻串联,
此时电路总电阻R=
=U2 P保温
=484Ω,(220V)2 100W
所以保温器的电阻R2=R-R1=484Ω-48.4Ω=435.6Ω;
(2)加热煮饭时消耗电能W1=P煮饭t1=1000W×20×60s=1.2×106J;
保温时消耗电能W2=P保温t2=100W×5×60s=3×104J;
此时电饭锅消耗的电能:
W=W1+W2=1.2×106J+3×104J=1.23×106J.
答:(1)R1的阻值为48.4Ω;保温器的电阻R2的阻值为435.6Ω;
(2)这锅饭共消耗电能为1.23×106J.