细胞外液钠离子浓度升高动作电位怎么变化?为什么

2025年03月16日 16:40
有2个网友回答
网友(1):

细胞外钠离子浓度变化对静息电位无明显影响,对动作电位有影响。

原因:动作电位是神经受外界刺激之后,钠离子通道打开,钠离子内流形成,所以当细胞外钠离子浓度升高时时,钠离子内流的量增多,动作电位就增大了。

动作电位指可兴奋细胞受到刺激时在静息电位的基础上产生的可扩布的电位变化过程。动作电位由峰电位(迅速去极化上升支和迅速复极化下降支的总称)和后电位组成。

扩展资料:

动作电位形成过程:

1、动作电位上升支:

大于或等于阈刺激→细胞部分去极化→钠离子少量内流→去极化至阈电位水平→钠离子内流与去极化形成正反馈→基本达到钠离子平衡电位(膜内为正膜外为负,因有少量钾离子外流导致最大值只是几乎接近钠离子平衡电位)。

2、动作电位下降支:膜去极化达一定电位水平→钠离子内流停止、钾离子迅速外流。

参考资料来源:百度百科-动作电位

网友(2):

细胞的特性是胞内钾浓度高,胞外钾浓度低.在静息情况下,钾离子顺浓度差的外流,形成细胞膜内负外正的电荷差,当这个电荷差和细胞膜内外的离子浓度差的势能相抵消时,就达到了平衡电位.所以钾离子的浓度差是保持细胞基础电位的重要机制.
而细胞外钠离子浓度变化对静息电位无明显影响;反而对动作电位有影响.动作电位是神经受外界刺激之后,钠离子通道打开,钠离子内流形成,所以当细胞外钠离子浓度升高时时,钠离子内流的量增多,动作电位就增大了.

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