用浓NAOH如何鉴别出氨水,mgcl2.alcl3.cucl2.fecl3.nh4cl?求大神帮助
谢谢
有5个网友回答
滴加 过量 氢氧化钠, 若出现红色沉淀的是氯化铁 若出现蓝色沉淀的是氯化铜 若出现白色沉淀的,且沉淀不溶解的是氯化镁 若出现先白色沉淀的,后又溶解的是氯化铝 若有气泡产生,且有刺激性气味的是氯化铵 若没现象发生的是氨水
这个需要根据现象不同将各种物质一一区分。 浓NaOH 加入氨水后产生刺激性气味 然后将浓的NaOH配成稀溶液, 加入MgCl2后产生白色沉淀 逐滴加入AlCl3中,先产生白色沉淀,后白色沉淀溶解 加入CuCl2中,产生蓝色沉淀 加入FeCl3中,产生砖红色沉淀 最后,溶解NH4Cl,烧杯壁变冷,加入浓溶液后有刺激性气味生成。
有2种不用鉴别,看颜色 黄色的是FeCl3 蓝色的是CuCl2 然后把NaOH加进其他4种 马上有刺激性气味产生的是氨水 有白色沉淀的是MgCl2 无现象,但加热后有刺激性气味的是NH4Cl 有白色沉淀,但加过量NaOH后沉淀消失的是AlCl3
往溶液中缓缓添加NaOH mgcl2 生成白色沉淀 而且不随着NaOH的增加而减少 alcl3 生成白色沉淀 加过量的NaOH沉淀会消失 cucl2 蓝色沉淀 fecl3 红色沉淀 nh4cl 有刺激性气味气体产生 氨水不记得了..
将其加入,有气体产生的是氨水,有白色沉淀是氯化镁,产生沉淀又消失是氯化铝,有蓝色沉淀是氯化铜,有红色沉绽氯化铁,最后一种无现象。
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