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好吧问答库 > “写作套路” 用英语最地道的表达方法是什么

“写作套路” 用英语最地道的表达方法是什么

2024-11-01 17:25:39

有4个网友回答

网友（1）：

答案有些长，引用拍兆了很多东西，因为你要求学术上的准确，所以必须有基本的严谨。一些概念合适的说法不止一个，我都列出来了，你可以根据语境选择。通常有些用于专业或书面语，有些则通用语书面语口语。文字上的区别是能体会不能言传的。

为了探究写作套路的内涵，先看看其他几个词：

一、文章的线索这个词，有多种说法
1，thread。大英百科全书里面（引用了韦氏词典），thread的释义中有一条：
Thread: something continuous or drawn out: as a : a line of reasoning or train of thought that connects the parts in a sequence (as of ideas or events) b : a continuing element
所给的两个例句，都是文章写作方面的。
其实这个词单独就有文章主线的意思。但后面还有橡竖更好的翻译。

2，一个小说、戏剧、影视甚至是游戏的剧情，plot非常常用。主线：main plot，支线，subplot，这两个词在维-基百科上都是有词条的。
Plot (narrative)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A literary term, a plot is all the events in a story particularly rendered toward the achievement of some particular artistic or emotional effect or general theme. An intricate, complicated plot is known as an imbroglio, but even the simplest statements of plot can have multiple inferences, such as with songs the ballad tradition.[citation needed]
1 Plot structure ：1.1 Exposition 1.2 Rising Action 1.3 Climax 1.4 Falling action 1.5 Resolution

举个例子：维-基百科知道问答上有个问题如下
What is a main plot?
In: Literary Terms, Plot and Setting [Edit categories] [Improve]
A:the plot of a story is basically what happens and the main problem. A little like a summary. ex: The main plot for the harry potter series is:
an magical orphan named harry potter is treated badly by his cousins. He receives a letter saying that he is admitted to Hogwarts and is eager to get away from his cousins. He discovers that Lord Voldomort killed his parents and seeks revenge.

3，另外，在很多情况下，通常是非正梁贺大式的情况下，常用main storyline（或main strory line）表示故事主线。
维-基百科Storyline词条：
Storyline may refer to:
The plot or subplot of a story;
The narrative of a work, whether of fictional or nonfictional basis;
The narrative threads experienced by different but specific characters or sets of characters that together form a plot element or subplot in the work of fiction. In this sense, each narrative thread is the narrative portion of a work that pertains to the world view of the participating characters cognizant of their piece of the whole,and they may be the villains, the protagonists, a supporting character, or a relatively disinterested official utilized by the author, each thread of which is woven together by the writer to create a work.

同上，维-基百科知道问答上有个问题如下
Main storyline of hamlet?
In: William Shakespeare, Hamlet [Edit categories]
[Improve]
A:Hamlet's father is dead. His uncle (Claudius) marries his mother. Hamlet sees his father's ghost and the ghost tells him that Claudius murdered him. Hamlet seeks revenge and kills Claudius. Hamlet also dies. There are many others plots in Hamlet but that is the main one.

二、那么，明线的主要说法：Obvious Plot，或者 open plot
例子，雅虎问答上有个问题 What is a open plot??????
Best Answer - Chosen by Voters
Open plot is one of those things where the author never gives a definite ending, and is very vague about what happens. You can use your imagination for what happens to the characters. Take The Razor's Edge for example.

类似的，暗线既可用 hidden plot，也可secret storyline，视语言环境而定。举个简单的例子：Edward Bond 有一本通过戏剧来隐喻和展现人类历史的书，就叫做The Hidden Plot ，《隐线》。

以上还有很多例子，你也可搜一下，我就不贴了，这个回答太长了。如果需要我也可以发送给你。

三、回到写作套路上来，翻译这个词，我想必须厘清什么是套路。应该是作者组织文章逻辑线索以及各种元素的程序和模式，是作者的谋篇布局，或者对剧情角色的计划，是一种对行文节奏的把握，是一种宏观的纵向的梳理，
所以，根据前面的解释，plot structure，或者 plot pattern，即谋篇布局的结构、路数，才是最符合写作套路的说法。

举个例子，在Karen Charmaine Blansfield介绍欧•亨利的Cheap rooms and restless hearts: a study of formula in the urban tales of William Sydney Porter (即欧•亨利)一书中，在研究亨利小说的剧情路数时，这样说：A plot pattern An essential element of formulaic art of fiction.
“plot pattern是小说创作中各种基本元素构成的套路性艺术。”
我想，非常一目了然了。

四、同时，列举其他一些接近的翻译，我们可以在比较中鉴别。
1，writing routine 常常用来表示作家的写作习惯，比如何时何地写作等。
由于附加链接答案可能会被审核，我把与此相关的文章发给你吧。

2，writing patterns也是一种常见的说法，但它的意思并非写作套路，而是具体文法的表现手段，是语法和用词上的含义。比方说，一个修辞或者一个习语，就是写作的pattern，它更强调横向上的细节的东西。
再如，一本英语写作教程中有这么一段：
Basic Sentence Patterns and Types：
Subject + Verb
Subject + Linking Verb + Subject Complement
Subject + Verb + Direct Object
Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object
Subject + Verb + Direct Object + Object Complement
Passive Voice Pattern
Simple Sentences
Compound Sentences
Complex Sentences
Compound-Complex Sentences
意思很明白，你是用主谓句，还是用被动句，这就是writing pattern需要考虑的。
在这个意义上，还有个词与它是同义的，即writing style，写作风格。这个词更常用。
维-基百科上是这么解释的：An English writing style is a way of using the English language.The style of a piece of writing is the way in which features of the language are used to convey meaning, typically but not always within the constraints of more widely accepted conventions of grammar and spelling.
值得注意的是，学术论文的行文规范，英文是academic styles.网上可以搜到很多关于英文写作的教程，其中不乏专门讲授patterns的。

3，而stereotype，很少用来表示写作套路，倒是有stereotyped writing的说法，表示一种死板的程序性的写作，略有贬义。毛的<反对-党-八-股>，八股就是这么翻译的。而前面两个词是中性的。

最后附带说一下
Foreshadowing这个词是可以用的，在维-基百科上有词条
Foreshadowing
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Foreshadowing is a literary technique used by many different authors to provide clues for the reader to be able to predict what might occur later on in the story. In other words, it is a literary device in which an author drops hints about the plot and what may come in the near future or, in other words, the plot developments to come later in the story.

另，以上提到的文章书目出处和附带的链接我这里有，如果你需要可以留言。贴在答案里容易被审核通不过，所以不贴了。有疑问再讨论。

网友（2）：

写作套圆伍大路 writing pattern
伏笔 foreshadowing
主线 main line
支线 bypass line
明线 clear line
暗线 hidden line
对不起，如果你是做论文，请不要采用我的橘竖解答。因为我是自己橘改翻译的。建议和你的教授谈论相关问题。

网友（3）：

writing stereotype
伏笔：hint,forshadowing
主线：main clue

网友（4）：

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