英语单词过去式

2024年12月05日 01:15
有5个网友回答
网友(1):

过去式是英语语法的一种,表示在过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。

扩展资料

变化规则:

规则动词

一般动词直接加-ed,e.g.look-looked;

以e结尾的动词直接加-d,e.g.dance-danced;

辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加ed,e.g.study-studied;

以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母(字母w,y,x除外),双写这个辅音字母加-ed,e.g.skip-skipped;

以l结尾的动词,若以非重读音节结尾,则末尾的字母l双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。e.g.travel-travelled/traveled(U.S.)。

部分以-p结尾的动词同样遵循第5条,这类词多由“前缀+名词”构成。e.g.worship-worshipped/worshiped(U.S.)、handicap-handicapped/handicaped(U.S.)。

注:英语26个字母中,除了a,e,i,o,u 这几个元音字母外,其他都是辅音字母。

不规则动词

动词过去式与原形相同;

动词过去式以-ought或-aught结尾;

动词过去式由原形结尾的-end变为-ent;

动词过去式以-elt,-eft,-ept结尾;

动词过去式与原形比较,其中一个元音字母发生改变;

动词过去式以-ew结尾;

动词过去式-ee-变为-e-。

参考资料:百度百科 过去式

网友(2):

动词过去式规则变化大全:

[1] e结尾的情况:
e结尾的动词, 直接加d: smile--smiled; hope--hoped.
ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.

[2] 双辅音结尾的情况:
两个辅音字母(consonant)结尾的, 直接加ed: helped; learned.

[3]两个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:
两个元音(vowels:a,e,i,o,u)加一个辅音字母结尾的动词,直接加ed: rained; heated.

[4] 一个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:
一个元音(vowel)加一个辅音字母结尾的动词:
(1) 对单音节(one-syllable)单词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed.
. stopped; planned;
(2) 对双音节(two-syllable)单词,如果重读在第一个音节处,不双写加ed. 如: visited(重读在vis前); offered(重读在of前);
(3) 对双音节(two-syllable)单词,如果重读在第二个音节处,双写词尾辅音字母加ed. 如: preferred(重读在fer前); admitted(重读在mit前); referred; deferred;

[5] y结尾的情况:
元音+y结尾动词,直接加ed: played; enjoyed.
辅音+y结尾动词,y变i加ed: worried;studied.

1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam

2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote

3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)

4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot

5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met

6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept

7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke

8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told

9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood

10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught

11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would

12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became

13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕

14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕

15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took

网友(3):

  表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式变化如下:  (1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 ed ,如:  work—worked; play—played;want— wanted; act—acted  (2)以不发音的 e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 d,如:  live—lived; move—moved; decide—decided; decline—declined; hope—hoped;  (3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed,如:  studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied  (4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 ed,如:  stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped  (5)注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。  go - went,make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was,are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent, eat-ate,give-gave,sit-sat,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find-found,hear-heard,know-knew,  put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,come-came,become-became,swim-swam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew,  以上的(1)至(4)条中的发音均有改变,具体分别有/d/ /t/ /id/。  而不规则动词的过去式的发音则略有不同,但是有些还是按照一定规律变化的。如以上的:make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,bring-brought,teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent,give-gave,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find-found,hear-heard,know-knew,put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,come-came,become-became,swim-swam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew。  仔细看一看,能发现它们的一些变化规律,也就是说不需要死记硬背这些过去式,知道了原型和变化规律,就可以写出来了。有的变化部分读音也是有规律的。分类记忆是对学习过去式很有帮助的!

网友(4):

规则动词的过去式变化如下:
1、一般情况下,动词词尾加
-ed
,如:
work
---worked
play---played
wanted----wanted
act----acted
2、以不发音的
-e
结尾动词,动词词尾加
-d,如:
live---lived
move----moved
taste---tasted
hope---hoped
3、以辅音字母
+
y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i
再加-ed,如:
study---studied
copy---copied
cry---cried
carry---carried
4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加
-ed,如:
stop
---stopped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go

went
make

made
get

got
buy
-
bought
come
-
came
fly-flew
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw
/ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔
:t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—
bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi
〕—heard〔h
:d〕,
say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have
/has—
had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
过去式“-ed”的发音规则
(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/
id
/音,
want
→wanted
(要)need
→needed
(需要)
(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/
t
/
音。
help
→helped
(帮助)laugh
→laughed
(笑)look
→looked
(看)
kiss
→kissed
(吻)wash
→washed
(洗)
watch
→watched
(注视)
(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/
d
/音。
call
→called
(叫)stay→stayed
(停留)cry→cried
(哭)
.

网友(5):

过去式和过去分词变形有规律总共有5个方面(如下)
过去式和过去分词还有无规律的,那些字典后面往往都有详细记载,不是很多,那些只有靠你老实的背了。
1.原形动词词尾+“ed”。
rain→rained(下雨)
walk→walked(走)
need→needed(需要)
2.原形动词词尾为“e”时,直接加“-d”。
live→lived(住)
like→liked(喜欢)
3.原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”结尾时,去掉“-y”然后加上“-ied”,若是词尾为“元音字母+y”,只加“-ed”。
study→studied(学习)
play→played(游戏)
4.原形动词词尾为“辅元辅”并且重音在后三个字母上时,先双写该辅音字母后再+”-ed“。
chat→chatted(闲谈)
kid→kidded(开玩笑)
beg→begged(恳求)
注:双音节动词若其词尾的词形如本项的情形,但重音落在第一音节者直接加“-ed”,若是重音落在第二音节者,则依本项规则加“-ed”。
visit→visited(访问)
omit→omitted[+(省略)
5.原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常双写词尾后再加“-ed”。
compel→compelled
prefer→preferred